Sand cores are a crucial component in the sand casting process . They create internal cavities and detailed features within metal castings that cannot be generated using only a two-piece mold. The core forms negative space within the casting that would otherwise be impossible. Sand cores achieve this by placing temporary placeholders of bonded sand into the mold cavity, which displace liquid metal when the mold is poured. This sand is later removed through a designed opening in the casting, leaving behind hollow internal geometry. Core Properties Sand cores must satisfy several essential requirements: - Permeability - The core sand needs sufficient venting to allow gases to escape during molten metal pouring. It prevents gas defects. - Collapsibility - Following solidification, the sand core must be removable from the casting through physical collapse or dissolution using water or other agents. - Refractoriness - Heat resistance is required so the core does not melt, fuse or chemicall
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